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Purpose

Around 50% of patients with breast cancer in low- or middle-income countries are younger than 50 years, a poor prognostic variable. We report the outcome of patients with breast cancer 40 years and younger.

Methods

We reviewed 386 patients with breast cancer 40 years and younger and retrieved demographic, clinicopathologic, treatment-related, disease progression, and survival data from electronic medical records.

Results

The median age at diagnosis was 36 years, and infiltrating ductal carcinoma was present in 94.3% of patients, infiltrating lobular carcinoma in 1.3%, and ductal carcinoma in situ in 4.4%. Grade 1 disease was present in 8.5% of patients, grade 2 in 35.5%, and grade 3 in 53.4%; 25.1% had human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–positive, 74.6% had hormone receptor (HR)+, and 16.6% had triple-negative breast cancer. Early breast cancer (EBC) constituted 63.6% (stage I, 22.4%; stage II, 41.2%) of patients, whereas 23.2% had stage III, and 13.2% had metastatic disease at diagnosis. Of patients with EBC, 51% had partial mastectomy and 49.0% had total mastectomy. And 77.1% had chemotherapy with or without anti-HER2 therapy. All HR+ patients received adjuvant hormonal therapy. The disease-free survival at 5 years was 72.5% and 55.9% at 10 years. The overall survival (OS) was 89.4% at 5 years and 76% at 10 years. Patients with stages I/II had an OS of 96.0% at 5 years and 87.1% at 10 years. Patients with stage III had an OS of 88.3% at 5 years and 68.7% at 10 years. The OS of patients with stage IV was 64.5% at 5 years and 48.4% at 10 years.

Conclusion

We report survival rates of 89% at 5 years and 76% at 10 years with modern multidisciplinary management. Best results were seen in EBC: OS rates of 96% and 87% at 5 years and 10 years.

Read an interview about the study here.